Sketch / Line Art

Create an ultra-realistic graphite pencil portrait of a young Black man in a museum-quality hand-drawn style. Show a chest-up three-quarter portrait on off-white textured drawing paper, with the head turned slightly to the viewer’s left while the eyes look calmly toward the viewer’s right. Preserve natural facial proportions and a composed, serious expression. The subject has short closely cropped textured black hair, smooth dark skin rendered in grayscale tonal values, subtle facial hair along the chin and jaw, full lips, and wears thin rectangular metal eyeglasses with transparent lenses and small highlights. Dress him in a light collared dress shirt with a dark necktie. Use exceptional graphite detail: visible pencil hatching, crosshatching, soft blending, delicate skin texture, realistic shading around the eyes, nose, cheeks, lips, ears, glasses, collar, and tie. Keep the background minimal and softly shaded with faint diagonal pencil strokes, no text, no color, no watermark. The final image should look like a refined traditional graphite drawing scanned or photographed on paper, with high realism and elegant portrait composition.

Create a direct contrast between traditional pencil sketches and high-purity digital lighting effects. * Aggressive graphite cross-hatching, smudged charcoal Skin, fabric, and armor are all shaped using visible cross-hatching, graphite smudges, and charcoal smudges; the rough texture of the paper is preserved, and no smooth shading is applied. * Pure white negative space, cool-gray monochrome base Keep the background clean and pure white, with the subject rendered in cool gray and blue-gray tones; the more white space left, the more the line art and modeling will resemble a high-end RPG art book. * blinding flat amber glow, unblended digital overlay Allow the amber glow to appear only suddenly in the form of cracks, particles, and light sources, with hard edges and pure color; avoid soft gradients—the clash between cool gray and golden light is what makes the composition truly impactful. Create a completely original ultra-premium character concept art illustration with a newly invented theme: "The Amber-Bound Eidolon," a powerful, athletic female phantom guardian holding a vintage glass astrolabe filled with glowing golden moths, with her lower body dissolving into smudged charcoal and glowing golden sand. The subject and lore must be fully original, but the visual style must maintain 100% exact fidelity to high-end RPG tabletop character design sheets, isolated on a pure white background. The absolute highest priority is the extreme visual collision between raw, dry, cool-grey pencil sketching (graphite hatching) and blinding digital luminescence. No environment, no readable text, no logo. Style direction: This is the absolute priority. Fully recreate the exact image-family style: premium fantasy character concept art isolated on a stark white negative-space background, heavily emphasizing "Graphite Hatching" and "Smudged Charcoal" effects. All shadow areas on the female character's skin, armor, and clothing must feature highly visible, aggressive pencil cross-hatching. The illustration must feel like a master-level traditional graphite drawing on textured paper that has been violently interrupted by blazing, flat digital colors. The contrast between the extremely dry, cool-grey pencil rendering and the piercing, neon-bright digital amber glow is the core of the image. Core composition: Use a tall vertical composition focused entirely on a single female character floating in a void of pure white paper space. The figure is posed dynamically: one arm is raised, holding a heavy, dangling, brilliantly glowing glass astrolabe. Her upper torso is muscular and solidly drawn, while from the waist down, her draped clothing and legs completely unravel and disintegrate into rising, stylized smoke. This smoke must look like aggressive charcoal smudging mixed with glowing, particle-like golden sand fading into the white background. Theme & Character design: Design the Amber-Bound Eidolon: She must have a strong, healthy Western athletic female physique with firm, defined muscle lines (strong shoulders, sculpted core), projecting fierce dignity and power—absolutely avoiding any generic, soft, or "internet-celebrity" facial features. Her body is rendered almost entirely in cool slate-grey and ash-blue pencil tones. Deep, piercing, blindingly bright cracks of liquid amber run across her athletic chest, shoulders, and arms. She wears tattered waist wrappings and extremely intricate, aged bronze bracers featuring razor-sharp pencil filigree. Prop design: Hanging from her hand is a massive, ornate vintage glass astrolabe or lantern. Its interior blazes with a blinding, intensely hot neon-gold and pure yellow light, swarming with magical glowing moths. Wisps of golden heat drift upward from it, casting a harsh, luminous orange-gold rim-light that cuts aggressively across the dry graphite textures of her arm and athletic torso. Texture and finish: The surface tactility is everything. The white background must be pure and clean. The character's matte surfaces must show visible paper grain, dry graphite drag, and raw hatching lines. The glowing liquid amber cracks and the astrolabe fire must look like pure, unblended, intensely bright digital overlays that pop aggressively against the desaturated sketch. Mood: Epic, raw, aggressive contrast, dark fantasy, powerful feminine strength, imposing, highly detailed studio-grade sketch. Rendering style: ultra-premium RPG character concept art, isolated on pure white background, extreme graphite cross-hatching, smudged charcoal smoke, blinding digital amber glow, stark cool-grey vs neon-gold contrast, intricate bronze filigree, athletic female warrior, lower body dissolving into pencil strokes and golden sand, world-class illustration, 8k. Negative prompt: background environment, scenery, readable text, logo, photorealism, 3D render, smooth airbrushing, plastic texture, generic beauty face, weak anatomy, soft anime girl, full solid legs, flat cartoon shading, muddy colors, soft glowing gradients.

Create a vertical monochrome black-and-white fantasy portrait of a young female knight in a refined semi-realistic anime style. Show her from the waist up in a three-quarter back pose, turning her head over her shoulder to look directly at the viewer with large expressive eyes, delicate lips, pale luminous skin, and a calm serious expression. She has jet-black hair tied in one high ponytail, with long flowing strands and wispy bangs blown by the wind. She wears exactly 5 visible armor and clothing elements: one glossy engraved breastplate, one rounded engraved shoulder pauldron with rivets, one chainmail sleeve, one dark cloak trailing behind her, and one armored glove gripping the weapon. Add exactly 1 vertical sword beside her body, with a dark wrapped grip, crossguard, and ornate pommel. The armor should be highly polished with floral filigree engravings, bright highlights, tiny specks of light, and realistic metallic reflections. Set the scene in a windswept field of soft grasses with exactly 1 blurred medieval castle on a hill in the distant background, under a cloudy bright sky. Use shallow depth of field, cinematic rim lighting from the upper right, soft atmospheric haze, drifting white particles, elegant high-detail linework, smooth grayscale gradients, dramatic contrast, and no color at all. No text, no watermark, no extra characters, no modern objects.

A raw, expressive ink and watercolor portrait of a man (image Uploaded), in three-quarter view, holding a delicate red-orange butterfly on his outstretched hand; frenetic, gestural black ink lines, splatters and drips form rough cross-hatching and scribbled contours, contrasted with warm washes of brown and burnt sienna on skin and hair, the butterfly rendered with vivid red and subtle white highlights for fragile contrast; stark white negative background, high-contrast lighting, tactile mixed-media texture, emotional, contemplative mood, loose sketchy strokes, dynamic energy, fine detail around face and hand, atmospheric, minimalist composition, painterly yet graphic, evocative and melancholic, --ar 9:16

Hyper-detailed engraved illustration style, cross-hatching and fine line pen drawing technique, classical engraving mixed with modern illustration, ultra-dense linework forming realistic human face and upper body, tactile woven texture across skin and fabric, baroque and rococo influence, ornate clothing details, gold embroidery and chain accents, dramatic chiaroscuro lighting, muted yet bold color accents (pink, gold, blue, cream, black), painterly ink texture, vintage print aesthetic blended with contemporary surreal portrait art, high contrast, museum-grade detail, editorial illustration quality, dark textured background, intellectual and artistic mood.

Hyper-detailed engraved illustration style, cross-hatching and fine line pen drawing technique, classical engraving mixed with modern illustration, ultra-dense linework forming realistic human face and upper body, tactile woven texture across skin and fabric, baroque and rococo influence, ornate clothing details, gold embroidery and chain accents, dramatic chiaroscuro lighting, muted yet bold color accents (pink, gold, blue, cream, black), painterly ink texture, vintage print aesthetic blended with contemporary surreal portrait art, high contrast, museum-grade detail, editorial illustration quality, dark textured background, intellectual and artistic mood.

"A realistic full-body photograph of a young South Asian woman leaning casually against a white wall. She has dark brown hair tied in a low messy bun with soft strands framing her face, warm medium skin tone, and a bright cheerful smile. She is wearing an oversized black button-down shirt with sleeves rolled up over a plain white crew-neck t-shirt, paired with black skinny jeans. Her right hand is raised making the ‘rock on’ hand gesture (index and pinky fingers extended), left hand resting behind her head. Soft warm lighting with out-of-focus bokeh lights visible in a dark hallway on the right. Clean studio composition, high detail, photorealistic. To her left on the white wall is a large black-and-white line-art cartoon illustration of the same woman in a matching pose: right hand making the ‘rock on’ gesture, smiling, with the bold handwritten text “ROCK STAR!” above her head, plus several star shapes and sparkles around her. The cartoon figure has the same hairstyle, open shirt over t-shirt, and jeans, drawn in a clean modern cartoon style with bold outlines and motion lines. Vertical portrait orientation, natural colors, sharp focus on the real woman, artistic contrast between photorealism and line art."

the sketch make it male hairstyle like the second upload image, create a HD ultra-realism image sketch from second image superimpost into first sketch style !

Create a cute single-panel watercolor illustration of one extremely round, fluffy golden hamster acting like a pendulum. The hamster is centered on a warm cream background, sitting on a small mound of pale wood shavings. It has golden-brown fur on the head and sides, a soft white belly and muzzle, tiny pink paws, a pink nose, fine whiskers, small rounded ears, rosy cheeks, sleepy half-closed eyes, and a tiny slightly open mouth. Show its body tilted gently to one side as if swaying, with exactly 2 pale translucent ghosted silhouettes behind it, one to the left and one to the right, indicating previous swing positions. Add exactly 7 motion marks: 3 large curved arc lines above the hamster following the swing path, 2 short curved wobble marks near the left side, and 2 short curved wobble marks near the right side. Style it as delicate hand-drawn children’s book art with soft pencil outlines, warm watercolor washes, visible fur texture, gentle shading, rounded proportions, and an adorable calm mood. No text, no border, no extra animals, no props beyond the wood shavings.

Create a full-body fashion portrait of a stylish young woman in a soft watercolor illustration style, with delicate brush textures, subtle ink bleeding, gentle paper grain, and a clean warm cream watercolor paper background. The subject stands facing the camera in a relaxed urban street-fashion pose, weight shifted casually, one hand tucked into a pants pocket and the other arm hanging down while holding the strap of a shoulder bag. She has long dark hair in two loose braids, a black ribbed beanie, small hoop earrings, layered delicate necklaces, and narrow dark sunglasses. Dress her in an off-shoulder cropped gray sweatshirt with visible printed text reading LOS ANGELES / CALIFORNIA / EST. 1984, oversized black drawstring wide-leg track pants, chunky white sneakers, and a shiny metallic silver shoulder bag. Keep the proportions elegant and fashion-editorial, with soft facial features, muted shadows, translucent watercolor washes, light graphite-like outlines, and subtle pooling of pigment around the feet. Use a minimal composition with no scenery, no extra people, no border, no watermark, and no additional text beyond the sweatshirt print.

A highly expressive graphite pencil portrait on textured fine art drawing paper, 4:5 aspect ratio. Create the drawing with approximately 85–90% completion, intentionally leaving unfinished passages, open contours, construction lines, and visible artistic decisions. The portrait should feel like a museum-quality graphite study rather than a fully rendered illustration. Use extremely rich, deep graphite blacks with dramatic tonal contrast. Build powerful black focal points using heavy 8B–14B graphite, creating bold shadow masses that immediately attract the viewer's eye. The darkest values should feel dense, velvety, and tactile without appearing digitally crushed. Instead of rendering every detail equally, selectively emphasize only the most expressive features of the face—especially the eyes, eyebrows, nose bridge, beard texture, hairline, and facial structure. Allow these key areas to receive the highest level of detail and contrast. The remaining areas should gradually dissolve into loose graphite marks, incomplete shading, broken contours, and unfinished forms, with less than 80% rendering. Large areas of the portrait should intentionally remain suggested rather than fully described, allowing negative space and the viewer's imagination to complete the image. Use confident, energetic pencil strokes with natural variation in pressure. Build form through layered graphite, cross-hatching, feathered shading, irregular line work, and spontaneous sketch gestures. Visible graphite powder should softly spread across the paper, producing subtle atmospheric transitions without becoming overly blended. Include realistic graphite grain, charcoal-like dust, accidental smudges, erased highlights, paper fibers, dirty whites, and authentic hand-drawn imperfections. Hair should be rendered with expressive overlapping strokes that alternate between razor-sharp strands and loose graphite masses. Facial hair should appear organic, rough, and richly textured using layered broken graphite marks instead of smooth rendering. Maintain a dramatic high-contrast lighting setup. Define the portrait primarily through tonal masses rather than outlines. Deep blacks should anchor the composition while soft midtones gradually disappear into unfinished paper texture. The overall tonal mood should resemble a traditional academic graphite master drawing using cool neutral graphite tones with rich charcoal blacks and warm paper highlights. Avoid flat gray rendering. Preserve strong black accents and crisp value separation throughout the composition. Traditional graphite drawing, museum-quality pencil art, expressive realism, selective rendering, dramatic chiaroscuro, powerful black focal points, authentic graphite texture, tactile paper surface, unfinished artistic process, handmade appearance, fine art sketchbook aesthetic, high contrast, deep graphite blacks, visible graphite dust.

Create a vertical realistic photo combined with black hand-drawn wall doodle art. A young East Asian woman with long straight black hair stands quietly on the left against a plain warm beige wall, full body visible, looking slightly to her right with a calm, shy, innocent expression. She wears an oversized white T-shirt, loose khaki cargo pants with large side pockets, and black-and-white low-top sneakers; her hands are tucked into her pants pockets and her posture is relaxed and still. To her right, on the same wall, draw one large playful sketch version of her in rough charcoal/pencil style, almost life-size, copying the same outfit but exaggerating the attitude: wider surprised eyes, messy long hair, slouchy stance, hands in pockets, baggy cargo pants, energetic scribbled linework and shaded pants. Add exactly 5 small doodle marks around the drawn character: three short surprise lines above the head, one “?!” symbol near the upper right of the head, and two simple star doodles on the right side. Use soft natural indoor lighting from the upper right, casting a real shadow of the woman on the wall to her left, with a minimal gray floor and thin white baseboard. Keep the photo realistic while the doodle remains flat, rough, monochrome black, as if drawn directly on the wall; no extra people, no logos, no watermark, no additional text beyond the “?!” doodle.

Create a beautiful watercolor travel sketch of a person in a bustling European street. The artwork should look like it was painted in a real travel sketchbook using watercolor and fine black ink.\n\nUse loose expressive ink lines, soft transparent watercolor washes, visible textured watercolor paper, natural paint bleeds, light splatters, and unfinished sketch details. Keep the architecture and background airy with minimal detail while making the subjects the main focus.\n\nCapture a candid, joyful moment with natural expressions and relaxed body language. Use warm daylight, muted earthy colors, soft blues, beige, cream, light browns, and subtle peach tones. Leave plenty of white paper visible to create a clean, elegant composition.\n\nThe final image should feel nostalgic, peaceful, romantic, and handcrafted, like an artist's travel journal filled with beautiful memories rather than a polished digital illustration.

Masterpiece, best quality, 8k, ultra sharp, PURE ART STYLE ONLY, NO SUBJECT, NO POSE, NO CHARACTER: Traditional hand-drawn portrait sketch technique on aged warm off-white / cream beige kraft paper with subtle visible paper fiber grain texture across the entire surface. Strict monochrome palette only: pure jet black, full rich range of soft gray tones, and the natural cream paper color used as the brightest highlight value — no pure white, no other colors anywhere. LINE TECHNIQUE (EXACT MATCH): - Mix of three mediums in perfect balance: smooth graphite pencil, soft smudged charcoal, and fluid black ink - Hair rendered with extremely dynamic, long, flowing, fast directional brush and pencil strokes, many loose stray wispy lines extending freely outside the main form, highly varied line weight from razor-thin delicate strands to bold thick dark masses, intentionally imperfect and spontaneous - Facial features drawn with refined, soft, subtle contour lines that disappear and reappear naturally, never a harsh continuous outline, gentle pressure variation creating lifelike sensitivity - Clothing and lower areas use bold, rough, angular, broken brush strokes with visible dry-brush texture, many areas intentionally left incomplete and dissolving into the paper - Visible sketch construction lines subtly showing through in lighter areas as part of the aesthetic SHADING & BRUSH WASH TECHNIQUE (EXACT MATCH): - Large shadow areas (hair mass, neck, clothing) built from broad, translucent, layered black ink wash / watered-down charcoal washes with soft bleeding edges - Overlaid on washes: expressive directional hatching and cross-hatching strokes following 3D form curvature - Facial skin rendered with ultra-smooth blended charcoal gradients, extremely subtle hatching, almost invisible soft transitions for realistic volume, no harsh marks on the face - Contrast is strong but soft: deep rich near-black areas balanced by delicate mid-gray gradients, with the cream paper itself acting as the natural highlight - Many hard-edged bold brush strokes placed intentionally next to soft smudged areas for dynamic tension COMPLETION GRADIENT: - Central facial area = highly refined, smooth, realistic, fully rendered with precise detail - Radiating outward and downward = gradually becomes looser, faster, rougher, more abstract, more incomplete, with strokes cutting off abruptly and dissolving naturally into the bare paper background, no hard border to the artwork - Authentic work-in-progress / sketchbook page aesthetic" OVERALL AESTHETIC: Loose, expressive, emotional, confident, painterly sketch feel, clearly hand-drawn by a master artist, fashion illustration meets fine art academic sketch, elegant movement, dynamic energy, no digital smoothness, no vector perfection, every stroke carries intention --ar 9:16 --style raw --stylize 300 --v 6.0, the clothes are given a soft dark green touch

Create a vertical 3:4 playful fashion portrait collage featuring Mel: a stylish young adult man centered in a full-body realistic photo, leaning casually against a pale gray horizontal wooden plank wall. He has thick wavy dark hair, a neatly groomed full beard, warm medium skin, expressive dark eyes, and a calm confident expression while looking slightly to the side. Dress him in a light blue oversized denim jacket, white T-shirt, light wash loose jeans, white sneakers, a silver watch, and a small pale blue crossbody bag worn diagonally. His hands are in his pockets and his legs are crossed at the ankles. Surround him with exactly six cute sticker-style chibi versions of the same man, each with a thick white outline and soft drop shadow: top left making a peace sign, top right standing with hands in pockets and big eyes, middle left holding a bubble tea drink, middle right winking and giving a thumbs-up, bottom left making a finger-heart gesture, and bottom right standing calmly with hands in pockets. Add colorful hand-drawn doodles and words around the composition: blue “Shine” near the upper left center, yellow “Smile” on the right, yellow “Bright Day” on the left middle-lower area, pink “Happy” on the right lower-middle area, a white speech bubble at the bottom reading “Mel” in blue with a small pink heart, and light blue “Cool” at bottom left with black sunglasses. Include additional small doodles: pink hearts, white sparkles, yellow stars, a white cloud, small swirl marks, and smiley accents. Use a cheerful social-media sticker aesthetic, high detail, clean lighting, soft shadows, crisp outlines, pastel colors, and a polished generated-photo look. Keep the central portrait realistic and the six surrounding mini characters chibi caricatures matching the same outfit and facial identity. No extra people, no watermark, no messy text.

Ultra-detailed traditional colored pencil illustration, realistic hand-drawn portrait with refined graphite construction lines and layered colored pencil rendering, soft cross-hatching, delicate directional strokes, subtle burnished pencil blending, rich paper grain texture, visible sketch marks intentionally preserved, elegant mixed-media illustration combining colored pencil, graphite, and light pastel accents, handcrafted fine-art aesthetic. The face is rendered with maximum precision and clarity, featuring razor-sharp details, rich color saturation, crisp edges, realistic skin texture, finely layered pencil pigments, luminous highlights, expressive eyes, and high-definition facial features as the primary focal point. Strong tonal contrast and refined color transitions create a striking, realistic traditional drawing appearance. The illustration gradually transitions downward into an intentionally unfinished sketch. Colors softly fade into loose colored pencil strokes, rough graphite lines, expressive cross-hatching, visible construction marks, painterly smudges, incomplete outlines, and spontaneous hand-drawn gestures. The lower clothing and surrounding elements dissolve naturally into abstract unfinished sketch textures, preserving the authentic work-in-progress aesthetic. Background: muted teal-green to warm gray recycled paper, textured handmade paper surface with visible recycled fibers, subtle pulp grain, soft paper speckles, natural paper imperfections, lightly weathered matte finish, organic fibrous texture, gentle tonal variations, clean minimal composition, elegant sketchbook presentation. The artwork blends naturally into the paper surface, allowing some pencil strokes and unfinished marks to merge seamlessly with the textured recycled paper. Natural muted color palette featuring dusty teal, sage green, muted turquoise, warm gray, soft ivory, beige, sepia, charcoal, faded denim blue, and restrained warm golden highlights. The face remains the most vibrant and sharply colored area, while the lower portion gradually becomes lighter, softer, and more transparent. Soft natural lighting, gentle highlights, subtle ambient shadows, smooth tonal gradients created entirely through layered pencil strokes, crisp focal details concentrated on the face, gradually dissolving into expressive unfinished linework toward the bottom, premium traditional illustration aesthetic, timeless fine-art realism, museum-quality sketchbook illustration, ultra-high detail. Ar 9:16!

Goal: Create a dense manga/anime fan-art collage sheet celebrating an expressive schoolgirl idol character, like a chaotic “ultimate favorite character” sketch page filled with doodles, reactions, handwritten praise, hearts, and exaggerated otaku energy. Canvas: Square 1:1 composition, bright white paper background, black ink sketch lines, messy hand-drawn manga layout with no panel borders. Use energetic blue-black marker shading and watercolor-like blush. The whole canvas should feel packed but readable, as if drawn in a passionate fan notebook. Main character: A cute Japanese anime schoolgirl named the ultimate favorite girl, around high-school age, short navy-black bob hair with vivid electric-blue highlights at the ends, straight bangs, pale skin, huge sparkling blue eyes with starry highlights, very rosy cheeks, small earrings, blue nail polish, and a sailor-style school uniform with a white blouse, navy collar, blue necktie, pleated navy skirt, black knee socks, and sneakers. Her personality should read as extremely cute, confident, chaotic, and beloved. Layout and counted character depictions: Include exactly 12 visible depictions of the same girl across the collage: 1 large upper-left portrait smiling with one finger near her lips and a peace-sign hand in the foreground; 1 small upper-center full-body pose throwing a heart while running or jumping; 1 small upper-right chibi cheerleader shouting “NO!” with yellow pom-poms; 1 large cropped upper-right close-up focused on tearful sparkling eyes and flushed cheeks; 1 central full-body dynamic pose lunging toward the viewer with arms open, mouth smiling, skirt and hair in motion; 1 small mid-left full-body pose jumping with both arms open; 1 tiny mid-lower chibi crying while holding a pink flower or heart; 1 tiny winged chibi flying near the right side with little angel wings; 1 small mid-right chibi cheerleader shouting “NO!” with pom-poms; 1 small lower-mid chibi cheerleader shouting “NO!” with pom-poms; 1 large lower-left portrait laughing with fang-like teeth and making a peace sign close to the camera; 1 large lower-right portrait laughing/crying with an open mouth, intense blush, sweat drops, and sparkling eyes. Facial detail: Make the big close-ups emotionally intense: glossy star-filled blue irises, tears at the eye corners, heavy blush hatching across the cheeks and nose, excited open smiles, a little drool or sweat where appropriate, and expressive manga linework. Keep the tone affectionate and comedic rather than dark. Handwritten text and doodles: Fill the negative space with black handwritten Japanese fan phrases and small marks. Include these visible phrases: 「最高!」 with “(MAXIMUM)” beside it, 「大好き!」, 「尊い…」, 「神!!!」, 「愛している…」, 「もっと描く!」, 「神ポーズ! 愛してる!」, 「彼女が一番!」, 「限界かっ!!!」, 「たまらなくかわいい…」, plus multiple “NO!” exclamations near the chibi cheerleaders. Add exactly 9 pink heart doodles, 3 small star doodles, 2 speech bubbles with ellipses, and several speed lines, sweat drops, surprise marks, and scribbled emphasis strokes. Visual style: High-detail modern anime illustration, rough passionate sketchbook energy, clean white background, thick and thin black ink outlines, blue marker shadows, hot pink blush, yellow pom-poms, expressive chibi deformation mixed with polished close-up faces. The drawing should feel like an obsessive fan character sheet made by a highly skilled manga artist. Constraints: No realistic photography, no 3D render, no clean corporate layout, no empty background, no extra characters other than the repeated same girl. Keep the collage chaotic, cute, and information-dense while preserving exactly 12 character depictions and the specified handwritten phrases.